Comparison of nonnutritive artificial sweetener consumption among university students in latin american: multicentric study

The Objective this study is to compare the consumption of artificial sweeteners by sex and BMI status among university students in Peru, Chile, Guatemala and Panama. Survey of consumption of artificial sweeteners containing foods was designed and applied, adapted for each country with pictures of surveyed foods. After the survey application, a total of 1,229 participants male and female both university students from 4 different Latin American countries: Chile (n=473); Panama (n=300); Guatemala (n=253); Peru (n=204) were submitted to a anthropometry measeurement. Over 80% of students ate at least 1 food that contained artificial sweeteners, acesulphame-k, sucralose, and aspartame had the highest levels of consumption. Females in Chile and Guatemala ate the most sucralose (25.7 (6.6-50.9), p<0.05; 38.3 (15.1-82.5). Males in Panama ate the most acesulphame-k, (35.3 (11.5-91.5), p<0,05). Females had a positive correlation between artificial sweetener consumption and BMI for: acesulphame-k, aspartame and cyclamate. Males had a negative relationship between acesulphame-k, aspartame and BMI (p<0.05). We found a high consumption of artificial sweeteners among both male and female Latin Americ an university students, with differences by country, sex and BMI status(AU)

El objetivo del estudio es comparar el consumo de edulcorantes artificiales no nutritivos por sexo y estado nutricional (IMC) entre los estudiantes universitarios en Perú, Chile, Guatemala y Panamá. Se diseñó y aplicó una encuesta de consumo de alimentos que contienen edulcorantes artificiales no nutritivos, adaptado para cada país con fotos de alimentos encuestas. Posteriormente se aplicó la encuesta y una evaluación antropometrica entre 1.229 estudiantes universitarios en 4 diferentes países de América Latina: Chile (n = 473); Panamá (n = 300); Guatemala (n = 253); Perú (n = 204). Más del 80% de los estudiantes comía al menos 1 alimento que contiene edulcorantes artificiales, acesulfamo-K, sucralosa, aspartame y tenían los niveles más altos de consumo. Las mujeres en Chile y Guatemala comsumieron más sucralosa (25,7 (6,6-50,9), p <0,05; 38,3 (15,1-82,5). Los hombres de Panama comsumían más acesulfamo-K, (35,3 (11,5-91,5), p <0,05) Las mujeres tenían una correlación positiva entre el consume de edulcorante artificial y el IMC para: acesulfamo-K, aspartamo y ciclamato hombres tenían una relación negativa entre el acesulfamo K, aspartamo y el IMC (p <0,05). Encontramos un alto consumo de edulcorantes artificiales entre los estudiantes de ambos sexos en las universidades de América Latina, con diferencias por país, sexo e IMC(AU)

[Association between non-nutritive sweeteners and obesity risk among university students in Latin America]. / Asociación entre edulcorantes no nutritivos y riesgo de obesidad en estudiantes universitarios de Latinoamérica.

BACKGROUND: The association between non-nutritive sweeteners and obesity is controversial. AIM: To determine whether the consumption of non-nutritive sweeteners is related to higher risk for overweight or obesity among university students in Chile, Panama, Guatemala and Peru. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 1,224 (472 from Chile, 300 from Panama, 248 from Guatemala and 204 from Peru) male and female university students aged between 18 and 26 years participated in the study. Each student reported their food intake (frequency of weekly consumption) in a survey that contained photos of foods containing non-nutritive sweeteners adapted for each country. Anthropometry was also measured. RESULTS: More than 80% of students consumed at least one product containing non-nutritive sweeteners. Females who ate acesulfame potassium and sucralose had a lower risk of overweight or obesity with an odds ratio (OR) of 0.5 (confidence intervals (CI) = 0.3-0.9; p = 0.003) and OR = 0.4 (IC = 0.2-0.8; p = 0.01), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In this sample of Latinamerican university students, consumption of non-nutritive sweeteners was associated with lower risk of overweight only in females.

Asociación entre edulcorantes no nutritivos y riesgo de obesidad en estudiantes universitarios de Latinoamérica / Association between non-nutritive sweeteners and obesity risk among university students in Latin America

Background: The association between non-nutritive sweeteners and obesity is controversial. Aim: To determine whether the consumption of non-nutritive sweeteners is related to higher risk for overweight or obesity among university students in Chile, Panama, Guatemala and Peru. Material and Methods: A total of 1,224 (472 from Chile, 300 from Panama, 248 from Guatemala and 204 from Peru) male and female university students aged between 18 and 26 years participated in the study. Each student reported their food intake (frequency of weekly consumption) in a survey that contained photos of foods containing non-nutritive sweeteners adapted for each country. Anthropometry was also measured. Results: More than 80% of students consumed at least one product containing non-nutritive sweeteners. Females who ate acesulfame potassium and sucralose had a lower risk of overweight or obesity with an odds ratio (OR) of 0.5 (confidence intervals (CI) = 0.3-0.9; p = 0.003) and OR = 0.4 (IC = 0.2-0.8; p = 0.01), respectively. Conclusions: In this sample of Latinamerican university students, consumption of non-nutritive sweeteners was associated with lower risk of overweight only in females.

Consumo de edulcorantes no nutritivos en bebidas carbonatadas en estudiantes universitarios de algunos países de Latinoamérica / Consumption of cabonated beverages with nonnutritive sweeteners in latin amerca university students

Introducción: El consumo de bebidas carbonatadas con edulcorantes no nutritivos (ENN) es cada vez más común con el objetivo de mantener un peso saludable, sin embargo el efecto de los ENN sobre el peso corporal es controversial. Materiales y métodos: Estudiantes universitarios (n=1.229) de ambos sexos de 18 a 26 años, de los cuales 472 de Chile, 300 de Panamá, 253 de Guatemala y 204 de Perú. A cada estudiante se le aplicó una encuesta de frecuencia de consumo semanal de alimentos apoyada con fotografías de bebidas con ENN para cada país para determinar la ingesta de ellos. Asimismo y se les realizó una evaluación antropométrica. Resultados: El 80% de los estudiantes consumían bebidas carbonatadas con ENN, ninguno de ellos superó la ingesta diaria admitida para sucralosa, acesulfame de potasio y aspartame. El mayor consumo tanto en hombres como mujeres se observó en estudiantes universitarios chilenos (p<0,05). Para los hombres de todos los países el consumo de aspartamo aparece como un factor protector OR= 0,3 (IC=0,1-0,9). En cambio en las mujeres de todos los países, el consumo de sucralosa muestra una tendencia a incrementar el riesgo de sobrepeso/obesidad OR=2,1 (0,9-4,5). Conclusiones: En hombres el consumo de aspartamo aparece como un factor protector. En cambio en las mujeres, el consumo de sucralosa muestra una tendencia a incrementar el riesgo de sobrepeso/obesidad (AU)

Introduction: Consumption of carbonated beverages with nonnutritive sweeteners (NNS) is increasingly common in order to maintain a healthy weight, but the effect of NNS on body weight is controversial. Materials and methods: University students (n=1,229) of both sexes aged 18 to 26, of which 472 were from Chile, 300 of Panama, 253 from Guatemala and 204 of Peru. Each student was applied a frequency survey of weekly food consumption supported by photographs of beverages with NNS from each country to determine the intake of them. Also they underwent anthropometric measurements. Results: 80% of these students consumed carbonatedbeverages with NNS, none of them exceeded the acceptable daily intake for sucralose, potassium acesulfame and aspartame. Increased consumption in both men and women was observed in chilean students (p<0.05). For men of all countries the consumption of aspartame listed as a protective factor OR= 0.3 (IC=0.1-0.9). However in women of all countries, sucralose consumption shows a tendency to increase the risk of overweight/obesity OR=2.1 (0.9-4.5). Conclusions: Aspartame appears as a protective factor in men. Whereas in women, consumption of sucralose has a tendency to increase the risk of overweight/obesity (AU)

Latin foo ds activities and challenges during the period of 2009-2012 / Actividades y desafíos de LATINFOODS durante el período 2009-2012

The Latin American Network of Food Composition Data System (LATINFOODS) is the regional data center of the global network “International Network on Food Data Systems” (INFOODS) co-sponsored by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the United Nations University (UNU). The aim of this work is to provide information on the main activities held and challenges during the period 2009- 2012. The activities included: network organization, technological development, research, web site modification, database location, publication of new food composition tables, organization and participation in scientific activities, assistance and training. During this period, new strategic alliances where food composition is key were developed. This promoted more activities and strengthen working links in the region. The main challenges were: 1) to improve and update the regional database 2) to improve the national capacities for generating and compiling data to elaborate and update the national food composition tables 3) to establish and implement the database software in branches; 4) to reach technical and financial sustainability. Despite the fact that the network has a dynamic structure consolidated, trained and experienced members, a database of regional food composition, specialized tools and documents; more support for sustainability and progress is required.

La Red Latinoamericana de Composición de Alimentos (LATINFOODS) es el centro regional de datos de la red mundial “Red Internacional de Sistemas de Datos de Alimentos” (INFOODS), copatrocinada por la Organización de las Naciones Unidas para la Alimentación y la Agricultura (FAO) y la Universidad de las Naciones Unidas (UNU). Este trabajo tiene por objeto proporcionar información sobre las principales actividades realizadas y los desafíos durante el período 2009-2012. Las actividades incluyeron: la organización de la red, el desarrollo tecnológico, la investigación, la modificación del sitio web, la ubicación de la base de datos, publicación de nuevas tablas de composición, la organización y la participación en actividades científicas, asistencia y capacitación. Se llevaron a cabo nuevas alianzas estratégicas donde la composición de alimentos es clave, que promovieron más actividades y fortalecieron los vínculos de trabajo en la región. Los principales desafíos fueron: 1) mejorar y actualizar la base de datos regional; 2) mejorar las capacidades nacionales para generar y recopilar datos para las tablas nacionales de composición de alimentos; 3) establecer y poner en práctica el software de base de datos en los capítulos; 4) llegar a contar con sostenibilidad técnica y económica. A pesar del hecho de que la red dispone de una estructura dinámica consolidada, miembros capacitados y experimentados, una base de datos regional de composición de alimentos, herramientas y documentos especializados; hace falta más apoyo para que sea sostenible y continúe progresando.

[Consumption of carbonated beverages with nonnutritive sweeteners in Latin American university students]. / Consumo de edulcorantes no nutritivos en bebidas carbonatadas en estudiantes universitarios de algunos países de latinoamérica.

INTRODUCTION: Consumption of carbonated beverages with nonnutritive sweeteners (NNS) is increasingly common in order to maintain a healthy weight, but the effect of NNS on body weight is controversial. MATERIALS AND METHODS: University students (n=1,229) of both sexes aged 18 to 26, of which 472 were from Chile, 300 of Panama, 253 from Guatemala and 204 of Peru. Each student was applied a frequency survey of weekly food consumption supported by photographs of beverages with NNS from each country to determine the intake of them. Also they underwent anthropometric measurements. RESULTS: 80% of these students consumed carbonated beverages with NNS, none of them exceeded the acceptable daily intake for sucralose, potassium acesulfame and aspartame. Increased consumption in both men and women was observed in chilean students (p.

Introducción: El consumo de bebidas carbonatadas con edulcorantes no nutritivos (ENN) es cada vez más común con el objetivo de mantener un peso saludable, sin embargo el efecto de los ENN sobre el peso corporal es controversial. Materiales y métodos: Estudiantes universitarios (n=1.229) de ambos sexos de 18 a 26 años, de los cuales 472 de Chile, 300 de Panamá, 253 de Guatemala y 204 de Perú. A cada estudiante se le aplicó una encuesta de frecuencia de consumo semanal de alimentos apoyada con fotografías de bebidas con ENN para cada país para determinar la ingesta de ellos. Asimismo y se les realizó una evaluación antropométrica. Resultados: El 80% de los estudiantes consumían bebidas carbonatadas con ENN, ninguno de ellos superó la ingesta diaria admitida para sucralosa, acesulfame de potasio y aspartame. El mayor consumo tanto en hombres como mujeres se observó en estudiantes universitarios chilenos (p.

LATINFOODS activities and challenges during the period of 2009-2012.

The Latin American Network of Food Composition Data System (LATINFOODS) is the regional data center of the global network "International Network on Food Data Systems" (INFOODS) co-sponsored by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the United Nations University (UNU). The aim of this work is to provide information on the main activities held and challenges during the period 2009- 2012. The activities included: network organization, technological development, research, web site modification, database location, publication of new food composition tables, organization and participation in scientific activities, assistance and training. During this period, new strategic alliances where food composition is key were developed. This promoted more activities and strengthen working links in the region. The main challenges were: 1) to improve and update the regional database 2) to improve the national capacities for generating and compiling data to elaborate and update the national food composition tables 3) to establish and implement the database software in branches; 4) to reach technical and financial sustainability. Despite the fact that the network has a dynamic structure consolidated, trained and experienced members, a database of regional food composition, specialized tools and documents; more support for sustainability and progress is required.

International collaborative project to compare and monitor the nutritional composition of processed foods.

BACKGROUND: Chronic diseases are the leading cause of premature death and disability in the world with overnutrition a primary cause of diet-related ill health. Excess energy intake, saturated fat, sugar, and salt derived from processed foods are a major cause of disease burden. Our objective is to compare the nutritional composition of processed foods between countries, between food companies, and over time. DESIGN: Surveys of processed foods will be done in each participating country using a standardized methodology. Information on the nutrient composition for each product will be sought either through direct chemical analysis, from the product label, or from the manufacturer. Foods will be categorized into 14 groups and 45 categories for the primary analyses which will compare mean levels of nutrients at baseline and over time. Initial commitments to collaboration have been obtained from 21 countries. CONCLUSIONS: This collaborative approach to the collation and sharing of data will enable objective and transparent tracking of processed food composition around the world. The information collected will support government and food industry efforts to improve the nutrient composition of processed foods around the world.

Three new furostanol saponins from the leaves of Lycianthes synanthera ("Chomte"), an edible Mesoamerican plant.

Three new furostanol oligoglycosides, 3-O-{alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->4)]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl}-26-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-22alpha-methoxy-25R-furost-5-ene-3beta,17alpha,26-triol (1), 3-O-{alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->4)]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl}-26-O-beta-D-glucopyranosylfurost-5-ene-3beta,17alpha,22alpha,25,26-pentol (2), and 3-O-{alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->4)]-beta-D-glucopyranosyl}-26-O-beta-D-glucopyranosylfurost-5-ene-3beta,22alpha,25,26-tetrol (3), named lycianthosides A-C, together with known flavone glycosides were isolated from Lycianthes synanthera leaves, an edible plant of the Solanaceae family that grows naturally in Guatemala. The nutrient composition of the raw leaves was also evaluated.